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1.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521579

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Isoniazid is a key component of tuberculosis treatment. Adequate exposure is a determinant for therapeutic success; however, considerable inter- and intraindividual variations in drug plasma levels can lead to unfavorable outcomes. While some predictors of isoniazid levels are well-known, others, such as sex, yield controversial results, requiring further investigation to optimize exposure. This study investigates whether the sex of patients influences the dose administered and the concentrations of isoniazid in plasma. Levels of isoniazid were associated with the N-acetyltransferase 2 phenotypes. A total of 76 male and 58 female patients were included. Isoniazid was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, and N-acetyltransferase 2 phenotypes were assessed using molecular techniques. The results show that the dose administered, expressed in mg/kg, was higher in females, but the plasma levels were similar between both sexes. Among patients, 46.2%, 38.8%, and 15% were slow, intermediate, and fast acetylators, respectively. As expected, isoniazid levels were associated with the acetylation phenotypes, with higher concentrations in the slow acetylators. Thus, sex-related difference in isoniazid levels is due to the body weight of patients, and the optimized dose regimen based on patient weight and acetylator phenotypes can improve the treatment outcomes.

2.
Rev. epidemiol. controle infecç ; 11(1): 40-45, jan.-mar. 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362217

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Nutrition, in addition to its physiological function, plays an important role in the recovery of individuals with malaria, a disease that still represents a serious public health problem in the world. The objective of this study was to assess nutritional determinants in the frequency of food intake and the occurrence of anemia in children and adolescents with P. vivax malaria. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out between 2014 and 2015 in the Marajo Island. The hemoglobin level was measured by the colorimetric enzymatic reaction and a questionnaire of food intake frequency was used to assess the consumption of different types of food. Results: A total of 67 patients met the inclusion criteria, from which 62.7% were children and 37.3% were adolescents. There was a high consumption of ultra-processed foods in both age groups. Anemia occurred in 52.2% of patients, and in most of them it was moderate. There was no significant association between anemia and sex, age group or parasitemia at admission. However a significant association was found between anemia and the ingestion of ultra-processed foods. Conclusion: The ingestion of ultra-processed foods contributes to anemia in children and adolescent with malaria by P. vivax.(AU)


Justificativa e Objetivos: A nutrição, além de sua função fisiológica, desempenha um papel importante na recuperação de indivíduos com malária, uma doença que ainda representa um grave problema de saúde pública no mundo. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os determinantes nutricionais na frequência da ingestão alimentar e a ocorrência de anemia em crianças e adolescentes com malária por P. vivax. Métodos: Estudo transversal analítico, realizado entre 2014 e 2015 na ilha do Marajó. O nível de hemoglobina foi medido pela reação enzimática colorimétrica e um questionário de frequência de ingestão alimentar foi utilizado para avaliar o consumo de alimentos. Resultados: Um total de 67 pacientes atendeu aos critérios de inclusão do estudo, dos quais 62,7% eram crianças e 37,3% adolescentes. Houve alto consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados em ambas as faixas etárias. A anemia foi detectada em 52,2% dos pacientes e, na maioria deles, foi moderada. Não houve associação significativa entre anemia e sexo, faixa etária ou parasitemia na admissão. No entanto, encontramos uma associação significativa entre presença de anemia e ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados. Conclusão: A ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados contribui para a anemia em crianças e adolescentes com malária por P. vivax.(AU)


Justificación y objetivos: La nutrición, además de su función fisiológica, juega un papel importante en la recuperación de las personas con malaria, una enfermedad que todavía representa un importante problema de salud pública en el mundo. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los determinantes nutricionales en la frecuencia del consumo de alimentos y la ocurrencia de anemia en niños y adolescentes con malaria por P. vivax. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico transversal entre 2014 y 2015, en la Isla de Marajó. El nivel de hemoglobina fue evaluado por ensayos enzimáticos colorimétricos y se utilizó un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos para evaluar el consumo. Resultados: Un total de 67 pacientes cumplió los criterios de inclusión en el estudio, de los cuales el 62,7% eran niños y el 37,3% adolescentes. Se registró un alto consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados en niños y adolescentes. La anemia se detectó en el 52,2% de los pacientes, de carácter moderada principalmente. No se encontró una asociación significativa entre anemia y sexo, grupo de edad o parasitemia al ingreso. Sin embargo, se encontró una asociación significativa entre la anemia y la ingestión de alimentos ultraprocesados. Conclusión: La ingesta de alimentos ultraprocesados se asocia con la presencia de anemia en niños y adolescentes con malaria por P. vivax.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Plasmodium vivax , Child Nutrition , Anemia , Malaria , Nutritional Status , Eating , Adolescent Nutrition
3.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 24(4): 352-355, Jul.-Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-1132468

ABSTRACT

Abstract Rifampicin is a key component of treatment for tuberculosis and its efficacy is determined by the blood levels attained after therapeutic doses. However, there is a high variability of rifampicin blood levels that is related to both the patient and the formulation used. To date, the effect of diabetes mellitus on the plasma levels of rifampicin was low exploited, which could be relevant either by the significant increase of the comorbidity worldwide as by the probable influence of diabetes on the rifampicin exposure. The study aims to evaluate whether diabetes mellitus contribute to the variation of the maximum concentration of rifampicin in patients with tuberculosis treated with a daily dose of 10 mg/kg. Rifampicin and glycated hemoglobin were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, and blood glucose by spectrophotometry. A total of 62 male patients were included in the study, and 26 presented diabetes mellitus. Rifampicin plasma levels in 2-h plasma samples collected at day 61 ranged from 3 µg/mL to 14.2 µg/mL. Drugs levels were similar between diabetic and non-diabetic patients and were not correlated with blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Moreover, a high percentage of patients in both groups presented low levels of rifampicin.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Rifampin/blood , Tuberculosis/blood , Diabetes Mellitus/blood , Antibiotics, Antitubercular/blood , Rifampin/therapeutic use , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Blood Glucose , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Antibiotics, Antitubercular/therapeutic use
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 23(2): 130-133, Mar.-Apr. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039224

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Rifampicin is used in both phases of treatment for tuberculosis. In chronic use, the short half-life and the self-induction of metabolism can decrease the levels of the drug below the minimal inhibitory concentration. The aim of the study was to investigate whether plasma concentrations of rifampicin are sustained above 0.5 µg/mL in patients with tuberculosis using 600 mg/day. Rifampicin was measured in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and a sputum smear microscopy was performed in all days of the study. A total of 44 male patients completed the study. On days 31, 61 and 91, the mean plasma concentrations of rifampicin were 0.6 (0.5) µg/mL, 0.55 (0.5) µg/mL and 0.46 (0.4) µg/mL. There was a high variation of rifampicin levels leading to a high percentage of samples with concentrations below 0.5 µg/mL. There was no significant association between the frequency of samples with drug levels below 0.5 µg/mL with the conversion of the sputum microscopy. These data suggest that pre-doses samples offer limited information on the exposure of M. tuberculosis to rifampicin.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Rifampin/administration & dosage , Rifampin/blood , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood , Antibiotics, Antitubercular/administration & dosage , Antibiotics, Antitubercular/blood , Reference Values , Sputum/drug effects , Sputum/microbiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Treatment Outcome , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects
6.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 20(5): 482-486, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828133

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To evaluate whether patient age has a significant impact on mefloquine concentrations in the plasma and erythrocytes over the course of treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Methods A total of 20 children aged between 8 and 11 years and 20 adult males aged between 22 and 41 years with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were enrolled in the study. Mefloquine was administered to patients in both age groups at a dose of 20 mg kg−1. The steady-state drug concentrations were measured by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Results All patients had an undetectable mefloquine concentration on day 0. In adults, the plasma mefloquine concentrations ranged from 770 to 2930 ng mL−1 and the erythrocyte concentrations ranged from 2000 to 6030 ng mL−1. In children, plasma mefloquine concentrations ranged from 881 to 3300 ng mL−1 and erythrocyte concentrations ranged from 3000 to 4920 ng mL−1. There was no significant correlation between mefloquine concentrations in the plasma and erythrocytes in either adults or children. Conclusion In the present study, we observed no effect of patient age on the steady-state concentrations of mefloquine in the plasma and erythrocytes. We found that the mefloquine concentration in the erythrocytes was approximately 2.8-times higher than in the plasma. There were no significant correlations between mefloquine concentrations in the erythrocytes and plasma for either age group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Adult , Young Adult , Mefloquine/blood , Age Factors , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Malaria, Falciparum/blood , Antimalarials/blood , Plasma , Reference Values , Time Factors , Acute Disease , Statistics, Nonparametric , Erythrocytes/drug effects , Chromatography, Reverse-Phase
7.
Rev. para. med ; 28(3)jul.-set. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-737141

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar os níveis de glutationa reduzida em pacientes com malária por Plasmodium vivax não complicada no decorrer do tratamento com cloroquina e primaquina. Método: estudo quantitativo longitudinal de casos em 62 sujeitos do sexo masculino com malária por Plasmodium vivax no estado do Pará de dezembro de 2010 a dezembro de 2012. A glutationa reduzida foi determinada por espectrofotometria visível, que baseou-se na sua capacidade de reduzir ácido -5,5-ditiobis-2-nitrobenzóico (DTNB) e ácido nitrobenzóico (TNB). Resultado: o nivel médio de glutationa reduzida em pacientes com malária (2,03+-1, rumol/ml) foi significativamente inferior aquele de voluntários saudáveis (3,42 +- 1,36 umol/ml). No decorrer do tratamento, houve diminuição significativa dos níveis de glutationa reduzida> Conclusão: Os níveis de glutationa reduzida em pacientes com malária por P. vivax antes da introdução da quimioterapia, foram significativamente inferiores aqueles de voluntários saudáveis pareados por idade. A administração de antimaláricos foi acompanhada pela redução dos níveis de glutationa reduzida.


Objective: determine the reduced glutathione levels in patients with uncomplicated malaria by Plasmodium vivax during the treatment with chloroquine and primaquine. Method: A longitudinal quantitative

8.
Acta amaz ; 44(2): 207-212, June 2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1455193

ABSTRACT

Natural disturbances in tropical forests modify the availability and quality of resources and alter the patterns of bird distribution. These environmental changes increase the metabolic rate and disrupt the redox balance promoting oxidative stress. This study aimed to compare the abundance of Willisornis poecilinotus between gaps and the understory of a forest with undisturbed canopy at Caxiuanã National Forest. The abundance was correlated with vegetation heights. The oxidative stress and the stress promoting factors were determined in both sites of sampling. We captured 81 specimens of W. poecilinotus. The number of captures was high in gaps. The specimens sampled at gaps showed high levels of oxidative stress. The biomarkers of oxidative stress were significantly correlated in gaps. The variability of oxidative stress and oxidative damage were explained only by site of sampling. These results suggest that gaps are stressors sites to W. poecilinotus, which probably can be due to an increase of metabolic rate to deal with new flight strategies of foraging and avoid predation.


Os distúrbios naturais nas florestas tropicais contribuem para heterogeneidade do habitat, alterando os padrões de distribuição das aves. Estas alterações no ambiente elevam o metabolismo, promovendo distúrbios no balanço redox, e em consequência o estresse oxidativo. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a abundância de Willisornis poecilinotus entre clareiras e sub-bosque de dossel intacto associando-a a altura da vegetação na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã. A seguir, foi avaliado o estresse oxidativo e os fatores promotores de estresse foram determinados nos ambientes selecionados. Foram capturados 81 espécimes de W. poecilinotus. O número de capturas foi superior nas clareiras, quando comparado ao sub-bosque de dossel contínuo. Os espécimes capturados nas clareiras apresentaram índices de estresse oxidativo significativamente elevados. Foi observada correlação significativa entre os marcadores de estresse oxidativo nas clareiras. As variações do biomarcador de dano oxidativo e do estresse oxidativo foram explicadas somente pelo sítio de amostragem. Estes resultados sugerem que as clareiras são sítios de estímulos estressores para W. poecilinotus o que provavelmente resulta da maior demanda metabólica para novas estratégias de forrageio e para evitar a predação.

9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(5): 645-649, Sept-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-691420

ABSTRACT

Introduction The immune response caused by Mycobacterium leprae is a risk factor for the development of oxidative stress (OS) in leprosy patients. This study aimed to assess OS in leprosy patients before the use of a multidrug therapy. Methods We evaluated the nitric oxide (NO) concentration; antioxidant capacity; levels of malondialdehyde, methemoglobin and reduced glutathione; and the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in leprosy patients. Results We observed lower SOD activity in these leprosy patients; however, the NO levels and antioxidant capacity were increased. Conclusions The infectious process in response to M. leprae could primarily be responsible for the OS observed in these patients. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antioxidants/physiology , Glutathione/blood , Leprosy/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/blood , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Leprosy/drug therapy , Leprosy/physiopathology , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
10.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 44(1): 113-115, Jan.-Feb. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-579845

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A primaquina pode acarretar sérios eventos adversos, com destaque para a toxicidade ao sangue. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar a metemoglobinemia de 20 pacientes com malária por Plasmodium vivax tratados com primaquina, comparando-os segundo o sexo e a expressão da glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase. MÉTODOS: Quantificação da metemoglobina por espectrofotometria visível e avaliação qualitativa da glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase. RESULTADOS: A metemoglobinemia variou de 2,85 a 5,45 por cento nos pacientes do sexo masculino e de 3,77 a 7,34 por cento no feminino. CONCLUSÕES: A instituição da terapia aumentou de maneira significativa os teores de metemoglobina, sem manifestação clínica evidente e independente do sexo e da atividade enzimática.


INTRODUCTION: Primaquine can produce adverse reactions as toxicity to blood when used in the treatment of vivax malaria. This work aimed to determine methemoglobinemia in patients with vivax malaria receiving oral therapy with primaquine. METHODS: Spectrophotometric quantification of methemoglobinemia and qualitative assay for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. RESULTS: Methemoglobinemia ranged from 2.85 to 5.45 percent in male patients and 3.77 to 7.34 percent in female patients. CONCLUSIONS: A statistically significant increase in methemoglobinemia was observed following oral therapy with primaquine, with no clinical manifestations, and independent of sex and the qualitative expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antimalarials/adverse effects , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/blood , Malaria, Vivax/drug therapy , Methemoglobinemia/chemically induced , Primaquine/administration & dosage , Antimalarials/administration & dosage , Malaria, Vivax/enzymology , Prospective Studies , Primaquine/adverse effects , Sex Factors , Spectrophotometry
11.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 14(3): 319-321, May-June 2010.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-556850

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was to determine the methemoglobinemia and correlate with dapsone levels in multibacillary leprosy patients under leprosy multi-drug therapy. Thirty patients with laboratory and clinical diagnosis of multibacillary leprosy were enrolled. Dapsone was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and methemoglobinemia by spectrophotometry. The mean dapsone concentrations in male was 1.42 g/mL and in female was 2.42 g/mL. The mean methemoglobin levels in male was 3.09 µg/mL; 191 percent, and in female was 2.84 ± 1.67 percent. No correlations were seen between dapsone levels and methemoglobin in male and female patients. Our results demonstrated that the dosage of dapsone in leprosy treatment does not promote a significant methemoglobinemia.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Dapsone/blood , Leprostatic Agents/administration & dosage , Leprosy, Multibacillary/drug therapy , Methemoglobinemia/diagnosis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Clofazimine/administration & dosage , Dapsone/administration & dosage , Dapsone/adverse effects , Leprostatic Agents/adverse effects , Leprosy, Multibacillary/blood , Methemoglobinemia/chemically induced , Rifampin/administration & dosage , Spectrophotometry , Young Adult
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 43(2): 201-204, Mar.-Apr. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545777

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A talidomida é um fármaco utilizado atualmente no tratamento do eritema nodoso hansênico no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo para acompanhar a evolução clínica, registrar os eventos adversos e determinar as concentrações plasmáticas de talidomida em dose diária de 100mg/dia, em 20 pacientes com manifestações clínicas de eritema nodoso hansênico, divididos em dois grupos: após ou em curso da poliquimioterapia para hanseníase. RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nos grupos no decorrer do estudo, tanto na evolução clínica favorável dos pacientes, de 70 por cento e 90 por cento, quanto nos eventos adversos registrados que foram tontura e sonolência. Os teores plasmáticos de talidomida em D7 e D14 foram de 0,82±0,4μg/mL e 0,79±0,3μg/mL no grupo 1 e de 0,82±0,4 e 1,55±1,0 no grupo 2, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Na amostra estudada, a poliquimioterapia não interferiu na evolução clínica, na incidência dos efeitos adversos e nos níveis plasmáticos de talidomida.


INTRODUCTION: Thalidomide is a drug currently used in Brazil for treating erythema nodosum leprosum. METHODS: This was a prospective study to follow up clinical evolution, record adverse events and determine plasma thalidomide levels from a dose of 100 mg/day, among 20 patients with clinical manifestations of erythema nodosum leprosum, divided into two groups: during or after leprosy multidrug therapy. RESULTS: No significant differences between the groups were seen during the study, either in relation to favorable clinical evolution among the patients (70 percent and 90 percent), or in relation to the adverse events recorded, which were dizziness and somnolence. The plasma thalidomide levels on D7 and D14 were 0.82 ± 0.4μg/ml and 0.79 ± 0.3 μg/ml in group 1 and 0.82 ± 0.4 and 1.55 ± 1.0 in group 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, the multidrug therapy had no effect on the clinical evolution, incidence of adverse events and plasma thalidomide levels.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Erythema Nodosum/drug therapy , Leprostatic Agents/therapeutic use , Leprosy, Lepromatous/drug therapy , Thalidomide/therapeutic use , Erythema Nodosum/blood , Leprostatic Agents/adverse effects , Leprostatic Agents/blood , Leprosy, Lepromatous/blood , Prospective Studies , Thalidomide/adverse effects , Thalidomide/blood , Young Adult
13.
Rev. para. med ; 22(4)out.-dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-601284

ABSTRACT

Determinar os teores deste alcalóide em suplementos energéticos comercializados nacidade de Belém,Pará. Método: realizou-se um estudo de pesquisa analítico por cromatografialíquida de alta eficiência com detecção no ultravioleta. Resultados: a concentração média decafeína nas amostras analisadas foi 19.2±18.8mg/10mL, com intervalo de 2.45 a 62.4mg/10mLe coeficiente de variação de 98%. Conclusão: os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que osteores de cafeína nos suplementos energéticos não representa riscos a saúde do consumidor,por outro lado indicaram a necessidade da intensificação das medidas regulatórias referentes arotulagem inadequada, composição e controle de qualidade dos componentes


to determine the caffeine contents of 30 samples of energy supplements from Belem, PA, to evaluate the safety of the human consumption. Method: Analysis of caffeine in energy supplements by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Results:The mean concentration of caffeine in energy supplements was 19.2±18.8mg/10ml ranging from2.45 to 6.24mg/10mL. The variation coefficient was 98%. Conclusion: contents of energy supplements don?t represent a risk for human health, but regulatory approaches for the evaluation of composition and quality control are needs.

14.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 12(5): 353-354, Oct. 2008.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-505344

ABSTRACT

We examined the plasmatic concentrations of quinine in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in an endemic area of the Amazon region in Brazil in a prospective clinical trial, in which a standard three-day course of oral quinine plus doxycycline was used. We measured the quinine in the plasma samples on days 0 and 3by high performance liquid chromatography. The mean concentration of quinine was 6.04 ±2.21 µg/mL in male patients and 5.98 ±1.95 µg/mL in female patients. No significant differences in quinine concentration were observed between these two groups. All samples collected before starting treatment were negative for quinine. This information could help in the development of strategies for the rational use of antimalarial drugs in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Antimalarials/blood , Malaria, Falciparum/blood , Quinine/blood , Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drug Monitoring , Drug Therapy, Combination , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Prospective Studies , Quinine/therapeutic use
15.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 16(supl): 671-677, dez. 2006. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-571025

ABSTRACT

O artigo reporta a obtenção do extrato fluido de Symphytum officinale L., e posterior secagem por nebulização, e a caracterização físico-química por técnicas termogravimétricas, espectroscópicas e cromatográficas. O adjuvante de secagem utilizado foi hidroxietilcelulose na concentração de 1,5 por cento. Foi observado que o processo de secagem por nebulização, nas condições operacionais estabelecidas, não influenciou as características dos constituintes do extrato seco em relação ao extrato fluido pelas técnicas utilizadas.


This work reports the obtaining of the Symphytum officinale L. fluid extract dried by spray-drying and its physicochemical characterization by thermogravimetric analysis, spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. Hydroxyethylcellulose at 1,5 percent was used as technological adjuvant. We observed that the drying process by spray-dryer, on the established operational conditions, did not have influence in the characteristics of the dry extract constituents in relation to the fluid extract by the used techniques.

16.
Rev. para. med ; 20(4): 19-21, out.-dez. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-471269

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: caracterizar a composição química dos raticidas granulados comercializados na região metropolitana de Belém - Pará. Método: triagem por cromatografia em camada delgada de 120 amostras de raticidas emfeiras livres e outros estabelecimentos comerciais na região metropolitana de Relém. Resultado; amostras analisadas foram positivas para carbamatos, 25% para organofosforados e 5% para cum encontradas 15% da associação carbamato e organofosforado. Conclusão: os carbamatos foram os mais encontrados (55%).


Objective: this work aimed the chemical identification of granulated rodenticides market in Belem-Para, for help in the diagnosis and treatment of the intoxicated patients. Method: screening by thin layer chromatography of 120 samples of granulated rodenticides acquired commercial establishments located in the metropolitan region of Belem-Para. Results: 55% of the analyzed samples were positive for carbamate, 25% for organophosphates and, 5% for coumarins. Were founds 15% of carbamate and organophosphate associations. Conclusion: the treatmen and laboratorial evaluation of poisoning for those compounds require differentiated procedures.


Subject(s)
Carbamates , Coumarins , Insecticides, Organophosphate , Rodenticides/chemistry
17.
Rev. para. med ; 19(2): 21-24, abr.-jun. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-436539

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Qunatificar o teor de mercúrio total em peixes provenintes de Itaituba-Pará. Método: Análise por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica com amalgamação em lâminas de ouro dos teores de mercúrio em amostras de filé de peixes. Resultados: A concentração média de mercúrio total em Colossoma macrapomum foi de 0,28


Subject(s)
Animals , Mercury Poisoning , Fishes
18.
Rev. para. med ; 17(4): 8-11, out.-dez. 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-391521

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A mandioca, Manihot esculenta Crantz, é um importante vegetal comestível na região amazônica que durante o processamento origina ácido cianídrico, podendo acarretar efeitos nocivos ao ser humano e animais. Objetivo: Avaliar a exposição humana ao ácido cianídrico oriundo dos glicosídeos cianogênicos presentes no vegetal, através da determinação dos teores urinários de tiocianato, principal produto de biotransformação do cianeto e seus derivado. Método: Análise espectrofotométrica dos teores urinários de tiocianato. Resultados: A concentração urinária média do metabólito nos indivíduos fumantes foi de 1.215 +/- 0,86mg/L, enquanto que em não fumantes de 0,93 +/- 0,87mg/L. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos indicam que a exposição humana ao ácido cianídrico neste grupo populacional é semelhante à população geral, bem como, confirma a eficiência dos processos de remoção do ácido cianídrico presentes no vegetal utilizado na culinária do estado do Pará


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cyanides , Hydrogen Cyanide , Manihot/poisoning
19.
RBCF, Rev. bras. ciênc. farm. (Impr.) ; 36(1): 53-68, jan.-jun. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-276136

ABSTRACT

Segundo dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), mais de 40 por cento da população mundial corre riscos de contrair malária, o maior problema de saúde nos países em desenvolvimento, situados em zonas tropicais. No Brasil, apenas no ano de 1997, foram diagnosticados no estado do Pará, mais de 120.000 casos de malária, sendo que cerca de 30.000 eram produzidos pelo Plasmodium falciparum. Para o tratamento deste tipo de malária, a Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FNS) recomenda o emprego de sais de quinina em monoterapia ou associações. A baixa margem de segurança quimioterápica é a responsável pela elevada incidência de efeitos tóxicos denominados de cinchonismo ou quinismo. Com a finalidade de contribuir para o entendimento do aparecimento desta síndrome, durante a quimioterapia da malária falciparum, esta monografia trata dos aspectos gerais da quinina, suas formas farmacêuticas, sua disposição cinética bem como seus mecanismos de ação antimalárica e de toxicidade relativa ao cinchonismo


Subject(s)
Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Quinine/toxicity , Antimalarials
20.
RBCF, Rev. bras. ciênc. farm. (Impr.) ; 35(2): 251-7, jul.-dez. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-263419

ABSTRACT

Efetuou-se a padronização de método analítico por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência para determinação de quinina em plasma de vinte pacientes com malária falciparum, importante patologia endêmica no Brasil. O método apresentou limite de detecção de 0,05 µg/mL, limite de quantificação de 0,1 µg/mL, mostrou-se linear em intervalo de concentrações de 0,5 a 20,0 µg/mL, com coeficiente de correlação de 0,9998 e equação da reta de YÍ0,4126X + 0,0789. Os resultados demonstraram que o procedimento padronizado é perfeitamente aplicável para o controle terapêutico da quinina em pacientes com malária falciparum


Subject(s)
Humans , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Plasma , Quinine/therapeutic use , Therapeutic Approaches , Treatment Outcome , Chromatography, Liquid/methods
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